Organic acids are metabolic intermediates that are produced in pathways of central energy production, detoxification, neurotransmitter breakdown, or intestinal microbial activity. Marked accumulation of specific organic acids detected in urine often signals a metabolic inhibition or block. The metabolic block may be due to a nutrient deficiency, an inherited enzyme deficit, toxic build-up or drug effect. Several of the biomarkers are markers of intestinal bacterial or yeast overgrowth.
What we test
Ketone/ Fatty Acid Metabolites
Ketone/ fatty acid metabolites are the byproducts produced during the metabolism of fatty acids and ketone bodies. These metabolites are typically analysed to assess metabolic health, energy production, and the efficiency of fat utilisation in the body.
Carbohydrate Metabolism/ Glycolysis
These metabolites are involved in energy production and carbohydrate metabolism. Their levels provide valuable information about how the body is processing carbohydrates, fats, and overall metabolic function.
Citric Acid Cycle Metabolites -
Abnormal levels of these metabolites can indicate issues with the citric acid cycle, such as errors of metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, or issues with energy production.
High levels of citrate can indicate an abundance of acetyl-CoA, often from carbohydrate or fat metabolism. It may also suggest issues with the downstream steps of the cycle.
Accumulation of isocitrate could suggest a block in the conversion to α-ketoglutarate, possibly due to enzyme deficiencies.
Elevated α-ketoglutarate might indicate problems with the enzymes involved in this step or a high demand for glutamate.
Elevated succinate can be a marker for mitochondrial dysfunction, as it may indicate impaired succinate dehydrogenase activity, which is also part of the electron transport chain.
High fumarate levels may suggest a block at the fumarase enzyme, possibly due to inherited conditions or mitochondrial dysfunction.
Elevated malate might indicate issues with malate dehydrogenase or an imbalance in the NAD+/NADH ratio, affecting the cycle's efficiency.
B-Complex Vitamins & Amino Acid Markers
B-complex vitamins and amino acid markers are crucial components that reflect the status of vitamin-dependent biochemical pathways and amino acid metabolism. These markers help in assessing nutritional status, detecting deficiencies or imbalances, and identifying potential metabolic disorders.
Methylation Cofactors
Methylation cofactors are nutrients and compounds that play critical roles in the methylation cycle, a biochemical process essential for DNA methylation, gene expression, detoxification, neurotransmitter synthesis, and overall cellular function.
Cell Regulation Markers
Toxicants and Detoxification
Compounds of Bacterial or Yeast/ Fungal Origin
Oxalate Metabolites
Nutritional BioMarkers
Test instructions
You’ll receive your urine test kit in the mail, along with logistics for your sample collection.
